Table 4. Effect of the lava water concentration and high-intensity ultrasound (HIUS) application on fatty acid composition of pork ham

Fatty acid	Treatment	JSW3%	JSW6%	JSW18%	SEM	p-value
C12:0	Control	0.10	0.10^y	0.10^y	0.01	0.002
C12:0	Ultrasound	0.10	0.11	0.11	0.01	0.002
C14:0	Control	1.49^by	1.51^ax	1.41^cy	0.03	0.0158
C14:0	Ultrasound	1.59^bx	1.47^cy	1.66^ax	0.03	0.0158
C14:1	Control	0.04	0.03	0.04	0.02	0.003
C14:1	Ultrasound	0.04	0.03	0.04	0.02	0.003
C16:0	Control	25.67^by	25.58^cy	25.94^ay	0.31	0.2448
C16:0	Ultrasound	26.01^bx	27.61^ax	27.13^ax	0.31	0.2448
C16:1	Control	4.97^a	4.34^b	4.26^c	0.15	0.0418
C16:1	Ultrasound	4.84^a	4.38^b	4.29^b	0.15	0.0418
C18:0	Control	11.33^cx	12.63^ay	12.06^b	0.21	0.8267
C18:0	Ultrasound	11.12^by	14.03^ax	9.89^b	0.21	0.8267
C18:1n9c	Control	40.80^cy	41.00^bx	41.86^ay	0.42	0.3994
C18:1n9c	Ultrasound	43.28^bx	39.49^cy	45.69^ax	0.42	0.3994
C18:2n6c	Control	12.59^ax	12.22^bx	12.13^cx	0.10	0.0984
C18:2n6c	Ultrasound	10.89^by	11.17^ay	9.85^cy	0.10	0.0984
C18:3n3	Control	0.44	0.46	0.41	0.01	0.0094
C18:3n3	Ultrasound	0.44^a	0.31^b	0.44^a	0.01	0.0094
C20:0	Control	0.18	0.25	0.17	0.01	0.0179
C20:0	Ultrasound	0.15	0.20	0.21	0.01	0.0179
C20:4n6	Control	2.34^ax	1.82^bx	1.58^cx	0.08	0.0133
C20:4n6	Ultrasound	1.51^ay	1.13^by	0.64^cy	0.08	0.0133
C20:5n3	Control	0.02^c	0.03^by	0.02^ax	0.01	0.0066
C20:5n3	Ultrasound	0.02^c	0.03^bx	0.03^ay	0.01	0.0066
C22:6n3	Control	0.02^ax	0.02^a	0.01^b	0.01	0.0003
C22:6n3	Ultrasound	0.01^by	0.03^a	0.01^b	0.01	0.0003
SFA	Control	38.78^cy	40.08^ay	39.68^b	0.29	0.5644
SFA	Ultrasound	38.98^bx	43.43^ax	39.01^b	0.29	0.5644
MUFA	Control	45.80^by	45.38^cx	46.17^ay	0.36	0.4404
MUFA	Ultrasound	48.16^bx	43.90^cy	50.02^ax	0.36	0.4404
PUFA	Control	15.41^ax	14.55^bx	14.16^cx	0.22	0.1254
PUFA	Ultrasound	12.87^ay	12.67^ay	10.98^by	0.22	0.1254

Different letters within a row of lava water concentration indicate statistically significant differences at p<0.05.
Different letters within a column of high intensity ultrasound indicate statistically significant differences at p<0.05.
JSW, Jeju sea water; C, concentration; U, ultrasound; SFA, saturated fatty acids; MUFA, monounsaturated fatty acids; PUFA, polyunsaturated fatty acids.