Table 1. Formulation of model system meat emulsions
| Ingredients (%) | Treatments1) |
| C | OG50 | OG75 | OG100 |
| Beef | 68 | 68 | 68 | 68 |
| Beef fat | 20 | 10 | 5 | NA |
| Oleogel | NA | 10 | 15 | 20 |
| Water (ice) | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 |
| NaCl | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 |
| STTP | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 |
| Sodium nitrite | 0.015 | 0.015 | 0.015 | 0.015 |
The treatments were formulated by: C: Standard-fat control (20% beef fat), OG50: 50% beef fat replacement with oleogel, OG75: 75% beef fat replacement with oleogel, OG100: 100% beef fat replacement with oleogel.
NA, not applicable.